Authenticating Representation: Women's Quotas and Islamist Parties

Do Gender Quotas Inuence Womens Representation and Policies?

This paper investigates the e¤ect of applying gender quotas on policy decisions. I …rst examine the e¤ect of gender quotas on the representation of female legislators, study the correlation between gender quotas and di¤erent types of government expenditures, and then use quotas as an instrument for the proportion of female legislators to investigate the e¤ect of female legislators on policy out...

heterogeneity within the orientalist discourse: representation of the orient in womens travelogues and mens paintings

from 1950s onward, new theories and critical approaches burgeoned across humanities. these theories were context-oriented; as a result, the analysis of discursive practices gained significance. thus, social, political, historical and cultural discourses that have been hitherto marginalized and considered inferior to literary texts, were introduced as important texts to be analyzed by critics. o...

What Accounts for the Success of Islamist Parties in the Arab World?

The Representation of Small Parties and Independents

The Senate has become the active parliamentary chamber it is today largely as a consequence of the representation of minor parties. While the two large parties have supported major changes to Senate procedures and are the major players in the day-today operation of the Senate, it has been the existence of minor party and independent senators that has given the Senate its distinctive role. It is...

On Random Quotas and Proportional Representation in Weighted Voting Games

Weighted voting games (WVGs) model decision making bodies such as parliaments and councils. In such settings, it is often important to provide a measure of the influence a player has on the vote. Two highly popular such measures are the Shapley– Shubik power index, and the Banzhaf power index. Given a power measure, proportional representation is the property of having players’ voting power pro...